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Maze Solver Robot

Autonomous navigation and pathfinding in real-time

Overview

The Maze Solver Robot is an autonomous system designed to navigate through complex mazes using sensor-based perception and intelligent pathfinding algorithms. The robot learns the maze layout in real-time and finds the optimal path to the exit.

Key Features

  • Sensor Integration: LiDAR sensors for obstacle detection
  • Real-time Mapping: Dynamic maze mapping as the robot explores
  • Pathfinding Algorithm: A* and Dijkstra implementations for optimal routes
  • Motor Control: Precise movement and rotation control
  • Decision Logic: Autonomous decision-making at intersections
  • Performance Metrics: Time tracking and efficiency measurements

Technology Stack

Hardware

  • Raspberry Pi Pico w Microcontroller
  • LiDAR(TF-Mini S) Sensor
  • Dual Motor Drivers (L298N)
  • DC Metal Gear(N20 6V 300RPM) Motors
  • IMU Sensor(Mpu6050)

Software & Design

  • C++ (Arduino IDE)
  • CAD Design
  • 3D Designing
  • Fusion360/Solidworks
  • Digital Signal Processing
  • Functional Programming
  • Control Theory

Challenges & Solutions

Challenge 1: Sensor Noise

Raw sensor data was inconsistent and prone to errors affecting navigation accuracy.

Solution: Implemented sensor fusion with averaging filters and calibration routines.

Challenge 2: Motor Inconsistency

Motors had different speeds causing drift and misalignment in maze navigation.

Solution: Added PID control loops for speed matching and directional correction.

Challenge 3: Complex Maze Mapping

Storing and processing large maze data structures was memory-intensive.

Solution: Optimized data structures and implemented incremental mapping.

Results & Metrics

What I Learned

  • Sensor calibration and data fusion techniques
  • PID control implementation for robotics
  • Pathfinding algorithms and their trade-offs
  • CAD design and 3D printing workflow
  • Real-time systems and embedded programming
  • Hardware-software integration challenges
  • Iterative testing and debugging in robotics
  • Signal processing for sensor optimization

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